In this regard, the federal government of nigeria has promulgated various laws and regulations to safeguard the nigerian environment. Nesrea official website national environmental standards. The constitution of the federal republic of nigeria 1999 national environmental standards and regulations enforcement agency act. Gas flaring has been associated with many socioeconomic, political and health implication in. Pdf abstract in nigeria, environmental problems manifest in diverse forms such as. The agency was established by nesrea establishment act, 2007, thus repealing the federal environmental protection agency act cap f10 lfn 2004. Nwoko co 20 evaluation of environmental impact assessment system in nigeria greener journal of environmental management and. The national environmental standards and regulations enforcement agency nesrea is a parastatal of the federal ministry of environment. Enacted by the national assembly of the federal republic of nigeria. A comprehensive interactive environmental law internet resource on environmental law, providing direct environmental law access to federal and state environmental laws and regulations.
Having firmly and solemnly resolve, to live in unity and harmony as one indivisible and indissoluble sovereign nation under god, dedicated to the promotion of interafrican solidarity, world peace, international cooperation and understanding. The vision of the agency is to ensure a cleaner and healthier. Examining environmental policies and laws in nigeria aliyu ibrahim kankara dept. He explained further, the development of environmental regulation was greatly aided in the late 1980s by the kook incident that occurred in the country. But field observation revealed that environmental degradation is growing at a rate worse than the pre fepa period. As a federation, there are numerous sources of environmental law including the constitution,22 international treaties, state laws, local government laws, and common law. An act to establish the federal environmental protection agency with its functions and the powers for the effective implementation of such functions. Examination of environmental impact assessment by the agency the information provided as part of an environmental impact assessment shall be examined impartially by the agency prior to any decision to be made thereto whether in favour or adverse thereto. Training resource manual case studies from developing countries, nigeria. This move by the nigerian government made nigeria, the first african country to establish a national institutional mechanism for environmental protection. Developmental stages of environmental laws regulatory frameworks and policiesstrategies in nigeria the development and evolution of environmental laws regulatory frame works and by extension policiesstrate gies in nigeria with reference to the oil and gas industry can be divided into three major generations. There is a vast body of law encompassing the area of environmental protection. Legislation serves as an effective instrument for environmental protection, planning, pollution, prevention and control. Usgs guide to federal environmental laws and regulations.
According to obi ogbalu in his environmental regulation in nigeria, xiv real environmental legislation in nigeria was a product of national emergency. The federal military government hereby decrees as follows. The nesrea act empowers the agency to be responsible for enforcing all environmental laws, guidelines, policies, standards and regulations in nigeria, as well as enforcing compliance with provisions of international agreements, protocols, conventions and treaties on the environment to which nigeria is a signatory. Federal environmental protection agency fepa was established to control the nigerian environment, its resources exploitation and management. Laws of the federation of nigeria federal lawnigeria. Household waste disposal laws in the federal republic of nigeria. Federal environmental protection agency act laws of nigeria. Pdf water resources use, abuse and regulation in nigeria. It concluded by proffering regulatory techniques and suggests amendments to most of the environmental laws to enable regulatory agencies function effectively. Under nigerian law, environmental law includes all the sources of nigerian law that impact the environment. The enforcement of all multilateral environmental agreements, protocols, treaties and conventions to which nigeria is a signatory. The basis of environmental policy in nigeria is contained in the 1999 constitution of the federal. Household waste disposal laws in the federal republic of nigeria by omenka helen uchendu m.
These environmental laws include federal, state and international. The laws and regulations related to the environment are further emphasized through the following documents and legislations. Nov 20, 2007 the federal ministry of environment fme administers and enforces environmental laws in nigeria. Its southern coast is on the gulf of guinea in the atlantic ocean. Environmental laws, both federal and state, provide for such diverse activities as. Environment law in nigeria energy and natural resources. Introduction prior to june 1988, nigeria responded to most environmental problems on an ad hoc basis.
Rethinking environmental law enforcement in nigeria. National environmental standards and regulations enforcement. Map of nigeria showing the 36 states and the federal capital. The challenges of environmental problems in nigeria. Federal environmental protection agency amendment decree. Fepa was absorbed and its functions taken over by the fme in 1999. The federal ministry of environment is the apex policy organ for all environmental policies in nigeria. Government printing office disseminates official information from all three branches of the federal government. These sources shall be more closely examined in part iii. Environmental protection in nigeria ggu law digital commons. Brief overview of the development of environmental law in nigeria 118 3. Role of the legislators in environmental governance in nigeria.
Where a project for which an environmental assessment is not required under section 15 of this decree is to be carried out in nigeria and the agency or the president, commander in chief of the armed forces is of the opinion that the project is likely to cause serious adverse environmental effect on federal lands or on lands in respect of which a state or local government has interests, the. Environmental regulation in nigeria did not start as a systematic effort. Major drawbacks of the defunct federal environmental protection agency fepa act and regulations 19912006 119 4. Environmental policy and its enforcement in nigeria. However the situation concerning environmental laws in nigeria is not. Federal ministry of environment fme 1989 national policy on the environment, abuja, africa. The nesrea, the major federal body responsible for protecting nigerias environment is responsible for enforcing all environmental laws, regulations, guidelines, and standards. Environmental policies and strategies in nigeria oil and gas. This includes enforcing environmental conventions, treaties and protocols to which nigeria is a signatory. In 1999, the agency was merged with other relevant departments in other ministries to become the federal ministry of environment. Situation in federal republic of nigeria being country report presented at the workshop on environment statistics held in dakar, senegal 28th february 4th march 2005 by the nigerian participants. Examining environmental policies and laws in nigeria. A rigorous search of the compendium of federal laws for any laws that had a bearing on. The constitution of the federal republic of nigeria 1999 national environmental standards and regulations enforcement agency act environmental impact assessment act.
Federal environmental protection agency fepa 1999 ecolex the gateway to environmental law, abuja, africa. An infectious waste can be defined as waste suspected to contain pathogens e. Federal environmental protection agency amendment decree no. The state of the federal roads in nigeria, to sa y the. Countryterritory nigeria document type legislation date 1988 1999 source fao, faolex long title an act to establish the federal environmental protection agency with its functions and powers for the effective implementation of such functions. Solution to these problems require going beyond the strategies and objectives of fepa. Gas flaring practices started since the first discovery of oil in the niger delta region of nigeria, and this practice has continued without seizure. Federal government of nigeria federal ministry of agriculture and water resources fmawr projects coordinating unit pcu of the federal ministry of agriculture and water resources updated environmental and social management framework esmf for the fadama i11 igefslm project final report september, 2009 public disclosure authorized. E akpofure abstract as a consequence of the illegal dumping of toxic wastes in koko, in the former bendel state, in 1987, the nigerian government promulgated the harmful wastes decree which provides the legal framework for the. Federal environmental protection agency act an act to establish the federal environmental protection agency with its functions and the powers for the effective implementation of such functions. It took over this function in 1999 from the federal environmental protection agency fepa, which was created under the fepa act.
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